Museum Theater


Edward Drinker Cope and OE Marsh were early rivals in the discovery and naming of dinosaurs.  Cope, of the Academy of Natural Science in Philadelphia and Marsh, of Yale University, disagreed about the correct interpretation of the skeletal remains of the elasmosaurus, an ancient marine reptile.  As it happens, Marsh was correct in interpreting a long series of vertebrae as a neck -- and not, as Cope believed, a tail.  The remains of the elasmosaurus in question hang in the Academy's Auditorium Foyer.

I was commissioned by the Academy to research and write a play that would commemorate the achievements -- and the personalities -- of Cope and Marsh.  I also worked with museum staff to recruit and select actors and produce the play, which ran for several weeks.

Excerpt: Cope and Marsh: Dinosaur Duels  


[Cope and Marsh enter the auditorium from the rear.  As they approach the stage, Marsh notices the slide of the elasmosaurus on the screen.  A podium stands downstage left; a small table and chalkboard stand behind and to stage right of the podium.  A large table with Cope's books and notes stands downstage right. ]

 MARSH:    [loudly, to attract attention]  Ah, Cope, here it is!  They've made a magic lantern slide of your Elasmosaurus and here it is, for all to see!  Perhaps you recall that embarrassing day when you announced to the world that this ancient sea creature had a tremendously long tail -- making it the most remarkable animal that ever lived!

 COPE:     At least, Marsh, I don't publish lies in the newspapers.  You've been stealing credit for my fossils since 1868! 

MARSH:    Really, Cope.  You're much too excitable.  I don't think it's good for your health.  I worry about the state of your sanity.

 COPE:     How thoughtful of you.  After embarrassing me in front of Dr. Leidy with this skeleton, and then bringing it up again in front of all these good people --

 MARSH:    I'm so sorry if you were embarrassed.  But really you are far too thin-skinned...

 COPE:     [interrupting]  Thin-skinned!  By heaven, you should be fired from your teaching job at Yale University!  The job your uncle George bought for you -- eh Marsh?)

 MARSH:    Calm yourself, Cope.  Really, we're in a public place.  There are ladies present.  We should behave ourselves in a more civilized manner.

 COPE:     Very well then, Marsh.  I certainly wouldn't want to upset my distinguished friends at the Academy.

 MARSH:    Good, then we'll finish this later.

COPE:     Why wait?  Let's finish it right now.  There's a podium on the stage, and we have an interested audience right here!  [climbs stairs to stage]  Ladies and gentlemen, Mr. Marsh and I will explain to you what our quarrel is --and we'll give you a chance to make your own decisions!

 MARSH:    What?  What's that?  A duel of wits?  Very well then, Mr. Cope, I accept your challenge!  [steps behind podium]

Ladies and gentlemen of the Academy of Natural Sciences, good afternoon.  My name is O.C. Marsh, and my colleague here is Edward Drinker Cope.  Mr. Cope and I are -- I mean, were -- both paleontologists.  I am a professor at Yale University, and he is a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences.  We came all the way from 1878 to visit the Academy's exhibit, "The Dig."

I am sorry that you were forced to witness the outburst of my friend Mr. Cope.  I can assure you that paleontology, at least in my day, was carried on by most people with a certain decorum.  For example when I announced my discoveries of new dino --

 COPE:     Excuse me, Mr. Marsh.  Since we invited these people here to discuss our quarrel about the elasmosaurus, I think we might dispense with the talk and get down to brass tacks.

[To the audience]  You've certainly come a long way with the magic lantern since the 1800's...  [picks up the laser pointer]  Now I'd like to -- What the devil is this?  [plays with it, pointing it at Marsh, etc.]  Wonderful! 

[points to Elasmosaurus]

Now, this animal's name is Elasmosaurus.  How many of you saw it out in the lobby today?  [wait for response]  It was found in Kansas, and sent to me for identification.  Now, what do you think?  Is this a dinosaur?  [wait for response]  Well, it is not a dinosaur at all, but an ancient sea creature.  Here's a drawing I made of the animal as it might have appeared in life.

[slide of Cope's drawing appears; Marsh smirks]

 MARSH:    [Shoving Cope aside]  Very nice, Cope, but hardly scientific.  Could I have my first slide, please?  [slide of vertebrae in Dino Hall case]  This very interesting spine is now on exhibit in the Academy's Dinosaur Hall.  As you can see [play with the laser pointer; attempts to use it, gives up and picks up an ordinary wooden pointer.] the vertebrae point clearly in one direction: toward the neck.

To help you grasp this obvious fact, I've brought along an example of a vertebra.  Perhaps an audience member would like to come up and take a look.  [chooses an audience member, shows him/her the vertebra; preps him/her to point to the correct end of the slide]  

Now, this young person is not a paleontologist.  But I'd be willing to wager that he/she can tell which end the head goes on.  Sir/Madam, on which end would you place the head of this animal?  [volunteer points]  Ah ha!  There, you see Mr. Cope?  It doesn't take an expert to tell which end is which! [sends volunteer back to audience]

Now, when I visited Professor Cope here at the Academy in 1868, he had arranged his Kansas Elasmosaurus with the head at this end (points): the wrong end.  When I gently suggested that he had the whole thing backwards, he stated in strong language that he had studied the animal for months and ought to know one end from the other.  It seems he did not!  For Dr. Leidy, one of the most important paleontologists in America, agreed with me.

I am afraid that poor Professor Cope's vanity received such a shock that it has never recovered -- and he has been my bitter enemy ever since.

 

Return to Scripts
Return to Home Page